Sam Hill conceived the replica as a memorial to Klickitat County servicemen killed in World War I. The altar stone was dedicated on July 4, 1918, and the structure was completed in 1929. Hill mistakenly believed the English Stonehenge was a place of human sacrifice; he wanted his version to remember the men lost in war and what he called the folly of war. The concrete surface has a rough, hand-hewn look, made by lining the forms with crumpled tin. The altar is aligned to the astronomical horizon, not the midsummer sunrise associated with the original.